What is Strategic Planning?" />Strategic Planning is when a process where organizations define a bold vision and create a plan with objectives and goals to reach that future. A great strategic plan defines where your organization is going, how you’ll win, who must do what, and how you’ll review and adapt your strategy development.
A strategic plan or a business strategic plan should include the following:
What is Strategic Planning?" />
The strategic management process involves taking your organization on a journey from point A (where you are today) to point B (your vision of the future).
Part of that journey is the strategy built during strategic planning, and part of it is execution during the strategic management process. A good strategic plan dictates “how” you travel the selected road.
Effective execution ensures you are reviewing, refreshing, and recalibrating your strategy to reach your destination. The planning process should take no longer than 90 days. But, move at a pace that works best for you and your team and leverage this as a resource.
To kick this process off, we recommend 1-2 weeks (1-hour meeting with the Owner/CEO, Strategy Director, and Facilitator (if necessary) to discuss the information collected and direction for continued planning.)
| Action | Who is Involved | Tools & Techniques | Estimated Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Determine organizational readiness | Owner/CEO, Strategy Director | Readiness assessment | |
| Establish your planning team and schedule | Owner/CEO, Strategy Leader | Kick-Off Meeting: 1 hr | |
| Collect and review information to help make the upcoming strategic decisions | Planning Team and Executive Team | Data Review Meeting: 2 h |
Set up your plan for success – questions to ask:
Who is going to be on your planning team? You need to choose someone to oversee the strategy implementation (Chief Strategy Officer or Strategy Director) and strategic management of your plan? You need some of the key individuals and decision makers for this team. It should be a small group of approximately 12-15 people.
All strategic plans are developed using the following information:
Review the data collected in the last action with your strategy director and facilitator.
Conclusion: A successful strategic plan must be adaptable to changing conditions. Organizations benefit from having a flexible plan that can evolve, as assumptions and goals may need adjustments. Preparing to adapt or restart the planning process is crucial, so we recommend updating actions quarterly and refreshing your plan annually.
Want more? Dive into the “Evaluate Your Strategic Position” How-To Guide.
Strategic issues are critical unknowns driving you to embark on a robust strategic planning process. These issues can be problems, opportunities, market shifts, or anything else that keeps you awake at night and begging for a solution or decision. The best strategic plans address your strategic issues head-on.
Conducting an environmental scan will help you understand your operating environment. An environmental scan is called a PEST analysis, an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological trends. Sometimes, it is helpful to include Ecological and Legal trends as well. All of these trends play a part in determining the overall business environment.
The reason to do a competitive analysis is to assess the opportunities and threats that may occur from those organizations competing for the same business you are. You need to understand what your competitors are or aren’t offering your potential customers. Here are a few other key ways a competitive analysis fits into strategic planning:
Learn more on how to conduct a competitive analysis here.
Opportunities are situations that exist but must be acted on if the business is to benefit from them.
What do you want to capitalize on?
Threats refer to external conditions or barriers preventing a company from reaching its objectives.
What do you need to mitigate? What external driving force do you need to anticipate?
Strengths refer to what your company does well.
What do you want to build on?
Weaknesses refer to any limitations a company faces in developing or implementing a strategy.
What do you need to shore up?
Customer segmentation defines the different groups of people or organizations a company aims to reach or serve.
Who are we providing value to?
A SWOT analysis is a quick way of examining your organization by looking at the internal strengths and weaknesses in relation to the external opportunities and threats. Creating a SWOT analysis lets you see all the important factors affecting your organization together in one place.
It’s easy to read, easy to communicate, and easy to create. Take the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats you developed earlier, review, prioritize, and combine like terms. The SWOT analysis helps you ask and answer the following questions: “How do you….”
Want More? Deep Dive Into the “Developing Your Strategy” How-To Guide.
The mission statement describes an organization’s purpose or reason for existing.
What is our purpose? Why do we exist? What do we do?
Your values statement clarifies what your organization stands for, believes in and the behaviors you expect to see as a result. Check our the post on great what are core values and examples of core values.
How will we behave?
A Vision Statement defines your desired future state and directs where we are going as an organization.
Where are we going?
A competitive advantage is a characteristic of an organization that allows it to meet its customer’s need(s) better than its competition can. It’s important to consider your competitive advantages when creating your competitive strategy.
What are we best at?
Your competitive strategy is the general methods you intend to use to reach your vision. Regardless of the level, a strategy answers the question “how.”
How will we succeed?
Want More? Deep Dive Into the “Build Your Plan” How-To Guide.
| Action | Who is Involved | Tools & Techniques | Estimated Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Develop your strategic framework and define long-term strategic objectives/priorities | Executive Team Planning Team | Strategy Comparison Chart Strategy Map | Leadership Offsite: 1 – 2 days |
| Set short-term SMART organizational goals and measures | Executive Team Planning Team | Strategy Comparison Chart Strategy Map | Leadership Offsite: 1 – 2 days |
| Select which measures will be your key performance indicators | Executive Team and Strategic Director | Strategy Map | Follow Up Offsite Meeting: 2-4 hours |
If your team wants to take the next step in the SWOT analysis, apply the TOWS Strategic Alternatives Matrix to your strategy map to help you think about the options you could pursue. To do this, match external opportunities and threats with your internal strengths and weaknesses, as illustrated in the matrix below:
| External Opportunities (O) | External Threats (T) | |
|---|---|---|
| Internal Strengths (S) | SO Advantage Strategies: Strategies that use strengths to maximize opportunities. | ST Protective Strategies: Strategies that use strengths to minimize threats. |
| Internal Weaknesses (W) | WO Conversion Strategies: Strategies that minimize weaknesses by taking advantage of opportunities. | WT Defensive Strategies: Strategies that minimize weaknesses and avoid threats. |
Evaluate the options you’ve generated, and identify the ones that give the greatest benefit, and that best achieve the mission and vision of your organization. Add these to the other strategic options that you’re considering.
Long-Term Strategic Objectives are long-term, broad, continuous statements that holistically address all areas of your organization. What must we focus on to achieve our vision? Check out examples of strategic objectives here. What are the “big rocks”?
Outcome: Framework for your plan – no more than 6. You can use the balanced scorecard framework, OKRs, or whatever methodology works best for you. Just don’t exceed 6 long-term objectives.
Once you have formulated your strategic objectives, you should translate them into goals and measures that can be communicated to your strategic planning team (team of business leaders and/or team members).
You want to set goals that convert the strategic objectives into specific performance targets. Effective strategic goals clearly state what, when, how, and who, and they are specifically measurable. They should address what you must do in the short term (think 1-3 years) to achieve your strategic objectives.
Organization-wide goals are annual statements that are SMART – specific, measurable, attainable, responsible, and time-bound. These are outcome statements expressing a result to achieve the desired outcomes expected in the organization.
Key Performance Indicators (KPI) are the key measures that will have the most impact in moving your organization forward. We recommend you guide your organization with measures that matter. See examples of KPIs here.
Outcome: 5-7 measures that help you keep the pulse on your performance. When selecting your Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), ask, “What are the key performance measures we need to track to monitor if we are achieving our goals?” These KPIs include the key goals you want to measure that will have the most impact on moving your organization forward.
To move from big ideas to action, creating action items and to-dos for short-term goals is crucial. This involves translating strategy from the organizational level to individuals. Functional area managers and contributors play a role in developing short-term goals to support the organization.
Before taking action, decide whether to create plans directly derived from the strategic plan or sync existing operational, business, or account plans with organizational goals. Avoid the pitfall of managing multiple sets of goals and actions, as this shifts from strategic planning to annual planning.
Department/functional goals, actions, measures and targets for the next 12-24 months
Now in your Departments / Teams, you need to create goals to support the organization-wide goals. These goals should still be SMART and are generally (short-term) something to be done in the next 12-18 months. Finally, you should develop an action plan for each goal.
Keep the acronym SMART in mind again when setting action items, and make sure they include start and end dates and have someone assigned their responsibility. Since these action items support your previously established goals, it may be helpful to consider action items your immediate plans on the way to achieving your (short-term) goals. In other words, identify all the actions that need to occur in the next 90 days and continue this same process every 90 days until the goal is achieved.
| 1 Increase new customer base. |
| 1.1 Reach a 15% annual increase in new customers. (Due annually for 2 years) |
| 1.1.1 Implement marketing campaign to draw in new markets. (Marketing, due in 12 months) |
| 1.1.1.1 Research the opportunities in new markets that we could expand into. (Doug) (Marketing, due in 6 months) |
| 1.1.1.1.1 Complete a competitive analysis study of our current and prospective markets. (Doug) (Marketing, due in 60 days) |
| 1.1.1.2 Develop campaign material for new markets. (Mary) (Marketing, due in 10 months) |
| 1.1.1.2.1 Research marketing methods best for reaching the new markets. (Mary) (Marketing,due in 8 months) |
Want more? Dive Into the “Managing Performance” How-To Guide.
Implementation is the process that turns strategies and plans into actions in order to accomplish strategic objectives and goals.
Once your resources are in place, you can set your implementation schedule. Use the following steps as your base implementation plan:
Monthly strategy meetings don’t need to take a lot of time – 30 to 60 minutes should suffice. But it is important that key team members report on their progress toward the goals they are responsible for – including reporting on metrics in the scorecard they have been assigned.
By using the measurements already established, it’s easy to make course corrections if necessary. You should also commit to reviewing your Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) during these regular meetings. Need help comparing strategic planning software? Check out our guide.
Never lose sight of the fact that strategic plans are guidelines, not rules. Every six months or so, you should evaluate your strategy execution and strategic plan implementation by asking these key questions:
The most important part of this meeting is a 70/30 review. 30% is about reviewing performance, and 70% should be spent on making decisions to move the company’s strategy forward in the next quarter.
The best strategic planners spend about 60-90 minutes in the sessions. Holding meetings helps focus your goals on accomplishing top priorities and accelerating the organization’s growth. Although the meeting structure is relatively simple, it does require a high degree of discipline.
Strategic planning is when organizations define a bold vision and create a plan with objectives and goals to reach that future. A great strategic plan defines where your organization is going, how you’ll win, who must do what, and how you’ll review and adapt your strategy..
What should be included in a strategic plan?Your strategic plan needs to include an assessment of your current state, a SWOT analysis, mission, vision, values, competitive advantages, growth strategy, growth enablers, a 3-year roadmap, and annual plan with strategic goals, OKRs, and KPIs.
How long does the strategic planning process take?A strategic planning process should take no longer than 90 days to complete from start to finish! Any longer could fatigue your organization and team.
What are the 4 phases in the strategic planning process?There are four overarching phases to the strategic planning process that include: determining position, developing your strategy, building your plan, and managing performance. Each phase plays a unique but distinctly crucial role in the strategic planning process.
How do I know if my organization is ready to start build a strategic plan?Prior to starting your strategic plan, you must go through this pre-planning process to determine your organization’s readiness by following these steps:
Ask yourself these questions: Are the conditions and criteria for successful planning in place now? Can we foresee any pitfalls that we can avoid? Is there an appropriate time for our organization to initiate this process?
Develop your team and schedule. Who will oversee the implementation as Chief Strategy Officer or Director? Do we have at least 12-15 other key individuals on our team?
Research and Collect Current Data. Find the following resources that your organization may have used in the past to assist you with your new plan: last strategic plan, mission, vision, and values statement, business plan, financial records, marketing plan, SWOT, sales figures, or projections.
Finally, review the data with your strategy director and facilitator and ask these questions: What trends do we see? Any obvious strengths or weaknesses? Have we been following a plan or just going along with the market?
